Risan Bagja

snippet··5 min read

Setup macOS for Web Development

How I set up a fresh macOS for web development, from Homebrew and ZSH to PHP, Nginx, NVM, rbenv, pyenv and PostgreSQL.

Whenever I get a fresh macOS installation, I need to set up my development environment all over again. These are the steps that I follow. A few steps already have their own posts (Dnsmasq, GPG and SQL Server), so here I only link to them.

Install Homebrew

Terminal window
$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

Essential:

Terminal window
$ brew install git

Setup ZSH

Install ZSH and its completion:

Terminal window
$ brew install zsh zsh-completions

Add ZSH from brew installation to list of shells:

Terminal window
$ sudo vim /etc/shells


# Add the following line:
/usr/local/bin/zsh

Change shell to zsh:

Terminal window
$ chsh -s $(which zsh)

Install oh-my-zsh:

Terminal window
$ sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

Update the .zshrc:

Terminal window
# Update environment path.
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin"
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"


# Theme
ZSH_THEME="avit"

Install Apps

Create symbolic link to Sublime Text

Terminal window
$ ln -sfv /Applications/Sublime\ Text.app/Contents/SharedSupport/bin/subl /usr/local/bin/subl


# Now we can subl /path/to/project

PHP and Nginx

Install PHP and Nginx:

Terminal window
$ brew install php
$ brew install nginx


# For old PHP versions
$ brew tap exolnet/homebrew-deprecated
$ brew install php@5.6

Install composer:

Terminal window
# Check https://getcomposer.org/download for latest commit signature
php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php -r "if (hash_file('sha384', 'composer-setup.php') === '93b54496392c062774670ac18b134c3b3a95e5a5e5c8f1a9f115f203b75bf9a129d5daa8ba6a13e2cc8a1da0806388a8') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"


# Make it accessible globally
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

Configure PHP-FPM to use unix socket instead of TCP:

Terminal window
$ vim /usr/local/etc/php/5.6/php-fpm.conf
$ vim /usr/local/etc/php/7.3/php-fpm.d/www.conf


# Update "listen" configuration
listen = /usr/local/var/run/php-fpm.sock

Nginx basic configuration:

Terminal window
$ subl /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf


worker_processes 1;


error_log /Users/risan/sites/_config/logs/error.log;


events {
    worker_connections 256;
}


http {
    include         mime.types;
    default_type    application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    charset         utf-8;


    index index.php index.html;
    include /Users/risan/sites/_config/servers/*;
}

Make sure that the SCRIPT_FILENAME param is set on the fastcgi_params config file:

Terminal window
$ subl /usr/local/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params


fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

Create new config snippet for handling PHP file:

Terminal window
$ subl /usr/local/etc/nginx/php_fpm


fastcgi_pass    unix:/usr/local/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
include         fastcgi_params;
try_files       $fastcgi_script_name =404;

Create directory to store custom config:

Terminal window
mkdir /Users/risan/sites/_config
mkdir /Users/risan/sites/_config/logs
mkdir /Users/risan/sites/_config/servers
mkdir /Users/risan/sites/_config/dnsmasq

Create default server

Terminal window
$ subl /Users/risan/sites/_config/servers/default


server {
    listen      80 default_server;
    server_name localhost;
    root        /Users/risan/sites;


    location ~ \.php$ {
        include  php_fpm;
    }
}

Create new server:

Terminal window
$ subl /Users/risan/sites/_config/servers/foo


server {
    server_name foo.test;
    root        /Users/risan/sites/foo;


    location / {
        autoindex on;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
    }


    location ~ \.php$ {
        include  php_fpm;
    }
}

Dnsmasq

I use Dnsmasq to map every .test domain to localhost. The full steps are in Setup Dnsmasq on macOS.

Setup MsSQL

I run SQL Server inside a Docker container. The full steps are in Installing SQL Server on macOS.

Setup GPG

Install GPG:

Terminal window
$ brew install gpg

Generating, exporting and importing keys is covered in Setup OpenPGP on macOS and How to Backup and Restore Your GPG Key. Here are only the commands that those posts don’t cover.

Encrypt and decrypt a file:

Terminal window
# Encrypt file for John
$ gpg --encrypt --recipient "John Doe" /path/to/file.txt
# It will generate encrypted file at /path/to/file.txt.gpg


# Encrypt file for ourself
$ gpg --encrypt --recipient risan /path/to/file.txt


# Decrypt file
$ gpg --decrypt /path/to/file.txt.gpg

Set Git signing key:

Terminal window
# Use the key id from: gpg --list-secret-keys --keyid-format LONG
$ git config --global user.signingkey 22B805973FE94BAB
$ git config --global gpg.program "$(which gpg)"
$ git config --global commit.gpgsign true


# Set the TTY command output for GPG in .bash_profile, .profile, or .zshrc
export GPG_TTY=$(tty)


# Test it's working
$ echo "test" | gpg --clearsign

NVM

Terminal window
$ curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.11/install.sh | bash


# Show all LTS
$ nvm ls-remote --lts


# Install
$ nvm install 10.14.2
$ nvm install 10 # To install latest minor updates under v10


# Set the default version
$ nvm alias default 10


# Install yarn
$ brew install yarn --without-node

rbenv

.zshrc
$ brew install rbenv
$ rbenv init


[ -s "$HOME/.rbenv" ] && eval "$(rbenv init -)"


# List all available version
$ rbenv install -l


# Install ruby
$ rbenv install 2.5.3


# Check the currently active version
$ rbenv version


# Check all installed version
$ rbenv versions


# Set the global version
$ rbenv global 2.5.6


# Installs shims for all Ruby executables (i.e., ~/.rbenv/versions/*/bin/*).
# Run this command after installing a new version, or install a gem that provides commands.
$ rbenv rehash

pyenv

.zshrc
$ brew install pyenv
$ pyenv init


[ -s "$HOME/.pyenv" ] && eval "$(pyenv init -)"


# Install plugin to manage virtualenv
$ brew install pyenv-virtualenv


# List all available versions to install
$ pyenv install --list


# Install python version
$ pyenv install 3.7.1


# "zlib not available" ?
# The Command Line Tools package on XCode 10 no longer includes serveral headers, including the zlib: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode_release_notes/xcode_10_release_notes#3035623
# Make sure zlib is installed, it's required to build the python
$ brew install zlib
# Then export both the LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS like so:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib -L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include"


# Set the global version
$ pyenv global 3.7.1


# Installs shims for all Python binaries known to pyenv (i.e., ~/.pyenv/versions/*/bin/*).
# Run this command after installing a new version of Python, or install a package that provides binaries.
$ pyenv rehash

Setup PostgreSQL

Terminal window
# Install postgreSQL
$ brew install postgresql


# Print installed version
$ postgres --version


# Create new PostgreSQL database cluster
$ initdb /usr/local/var/postgres -E utf8
# "/usr/local/var/postgres" is the directory where the database data will be stored
# -E is the default encoding to use when creating a new database later


# Start the service
$ brew services start postgresql


# Connect to the database
$ psql -h localhost -d postgres
# or simply
$ psql postgres


# Create database
$ createdb foo_bar


# Command within the psql
\du: List all users
\list: List all databases
\c: Connect to other database
\q: Quit